Barbara Collingwood
& Oscar Gnosspelius
|
Vertical Divider
Ganed Barbara, ail blentyn Gershom a Dorrie, yn 1887, dim ond un flwyddyn ar ôl ei chwaer. Fel Dora, cafodd ei haddysgu gartref gan ei mam, ac yn ddiweddarach yn Ysgol Celf Cope ac ym Mhrifysgol Reading. Treuliodd amser ym Mharis yn astudio cerflunio ac aeth yn ei blaen i ddod yn gerflunydd llwyddiannus. Ganed ei merch, Janet, yn 1926 ac roedd dylanwad gyrfa ei mam yn amlwg arni. Hyfforddodd a gweithiodd Janet fel pensaer, gan arbenigo mewn adeiladu ac adfer eglwysi.
Yn 1925, priododd Barbara ag Oscar Gnosspelius (1878-1953), peiriannydd sifil a weithiasai gynt yn Sweden, De Affrica, a Brasil. Yn dilyn ei briodas, dechreuodd chwilota am gopr a mwynau eraill yn Ardal y Llynnoedd gyda thad Barbara. Yr oedd hefyd yn arbenigwr awyrennu a ddyluniodd, adeiladu, a phrofi awyrennau dŵr ar Lyn Windermere. |
Vertical Divider
Barbara, Gershom and Dorrie’s second child, was born in 1887, just one year after her sister. Like Dora, she was educated at home by her mother, later at Cope’s School of Art, and the University of Reading. She spent time in Paris studying sculpture and went on to become a successful sculptor. Her daughter, Janet, was born in 1926 and was clearly influenced by her mother’s career. Janet trained and worked as an architect, specialising in the building and restoration of churches.
In 1925, Barbara married Oscar Gnosspelius (1878-1953), a civil engineer who had previously worked in Sweden, South Africa and Brazil. Following his marriage, he began prospecting for copper and other minerals in the Lake District with Barbara’s father. He was also a pioneering aviation expert who designed, built and tested hydroplanes on Lake Windermere. |
|
Vertical Divider
Delweddau o lyfrau braslunio Barbara, 1900s.
Fel y dangosir drwy’r delweddau hyn o’i llyfrau braslunio, mae astudiaethau gofalus Barbara o bobl yn ei gwaith cynnar yn rhagfynegi ei gwaith cerflunio diweddarach gyda’r ffurf ddynol. |
Vertical Divider
Images from Barbara’s sketchbooks, 1900s.
As illustrated through these images from her sketchbooks, Barbara’s careful studies of people in her early work foreshadow her later sculpting work with the human form. |
|
Penddelw Barbara o John Ruskin, 1919. Roedd Barbara’n gerflunydd dawnus. Creodd y benddelw hon o Ruskin - y beirniad celf, diwygiwr cymdeithasol a ffrind agos i’r teulu - yn 1919 i nodi canmlwyddiant genedigaeth Ruskin. Er bod Barbara wedi cwrdd â Ruskin nifer o weithiau, bu farw bedair blynedd ar bymtheg ynghynt pan oedd hi ond yn 12 oed. Cerfluniaidd y gwaith hwn o’i chof a lluniau. Mae’r benddelw wedi ei bwrw mewn plastr â’i gorffen gydag efydd, ac mae ar fenthyciad o Amgueddfa a Llyfrgell Armitt, Ambleside, Cumbria. Barbara’s bust of John Ruskin, 1919.
Barbara was a talented sculptor. She created this bust of Ruskin – the art critic, social reformer and close family friend – in 1919 to mark the centenary of Ruskin’s birth. Although Barbara had met Ruskin on many occasions, he died nineteen years earlier when she was just 12 years old. She sculpted this work from memory and photographs. This bust is cast in plaster with a bronze finish, and is on loan from Armitt Museum and Library, Ambleside, Cumbria. |
|
|
Llythyr oddi wrth Arthur Ransome, 18 Ionawr 1961.
Fel ei chwaer Dora, fe wnaeth Barbara hefyd wrthod cynnig priodas Arthur Ransome. Fodd bynnag, arosasant yn ffrindiau agos iawn drwy gydol eu bywydau, gan ysgrifennu at ei gilydd bron yn ddyddiol. Mae Archif Collingwood yn cynnwys nifer o lythyrau gan Arthur Ransome, sy’n datgelu mewnwelediad unigryw i’w fywyd enigmatig, ei berthnasau a’i broses ysgrifennu dros gyfod o dros hanner canrif. Wedi’i ysgrifennu dim ond naw diwrnod cyn marwolaeth Barbara, dyma’r llythyr olaf a ysgrifennodd at ei ffrind. Letter from Arthur Ransome, 18 January 1961. Like her sister Dora, Barbara also rejected Arthur Ransome’s marriage proposal. However, they remained very close friends throughout their lives, at times writing to each other almost daily. The Collingwood Archive includes many letters from Arthur Ransome which reveal a unique insight into his enigmatic life, his relationships and his writing process across a sustained period of over half a century. Written just nine days before Barbara’s death, this is the final letter he wrote to his friend. |
|
Vertical Divider
Dyluniadau a Lluniau Awyrennol Oscar (20fed ganrif gynnar).
Yn 1925, priododd Barbara â’r arloeswr awyrennu Oscar Gnosspelius. Adeiladodd Oscar awyrennau dŵr ar Lyn Windermere. Fe oedd un o’r arloeswyr hedfan cyntaf i ddylunio ac adeiladu awyren a allai esgyn oddi ar a glanio ar ddŵr. Adeiladodd ei awyren ddŵr lwyddiannus gyntaf yn 1911, ac fe ehedodd ar 13 Chwefror 1912. Mae’r nodlyfrau, lluniau a dyluniadau a gynhwysir yn Archif Collingwood yn gerrig milltir sylweddol yn hanes awyrenneg. |
Vertical Divider
Oscar's aeronautical designs and photographs (early 20th century).
In 1925, Barbara married pioneering aviation expert Oscar Gnosspelius. Oscar built hydroplanes on Lake Windermere. He was one of the first flight pioneers to design and build an airplane that could both take off and land on water. His first successful hydroplane was built in 1911 and was flown on 13 February 1912. The notebooks, photography and designs featured in the Collingwood Archive are significant milestones in the history of aeronautics. |
